Appropriate Use of Transparency Essay

Transparency in management circles is considered a competitive advantage. It involves sharing all information that one is ready to share including uncomfortable one. Transparency implies communication, openness and accountability. Last year I worked in a Non Governmental organization where I found out that they were require being transparent by donors and other stakeholders for them to continue receiving funds and support. That time the organization was experiencing a high labor turnover because management felt that they knew what subordinate staff wanted. They thought they needed a salary increase while in real sense they needed better working conditions (Stever, 2012). When they start involving in decision making and transparency, trust and loyalty increased. Opponents of transparency argue that it is a bad idea to use transparency strategy where information may be misrepresented, distorted or misunderstood. Being transparent may take a lot of resources and more time hence slowing the organization process. It is argued that organizations that practice full transparency are easy target of attacks and are vulnerable to groups that feel alienated or underrepresented (Stever, 2012). It also a bad strategy where the company wants to keep trade secrets and other information that is unique. Another example is in management of international negotiation and agreements. Diplomats believe that a certain degree of ambiguity is necessary in successful negotiations. It is also a bad strategy to use in international politics and economic stability (Stever, 2012). It is believed that collapse of Briton wood exchange rate regime was to a large extent caused by inability to accommodate ambiguity. For leader to exert influence they must be transparent in order to make authoritative decisions, creating means of putting them into actions and creating support or them. Leaders who are transparent are trusted by their follower and build loyalty. This gives them a lot of influence. Reference Stever, E. W. (2012). Transparency. Rocky Point, N.Y.: Writers Ink Press. Source document

Summary of a research paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Summary of a research paper - Essay Example It would be therefore be interesting to review findings of such study which presents contradicting results and concludes from the perspective of investors that there are substantial variances in annualized stock returns in the long run. The journal article refers to previous studies including Siegel (2008) and Campbell and Viceira (2002, 2005) that have concluded that both unconditional and conditional variances in stock returns are greater in the shorter time frame as compared to the longer investment horizon. The study by Pastor & Stambaugh is carried out from investors’ perspective and suggests that stock returns have greater volatility in the long run mainly due to two conditions which investors face. These include inability of investors to know the drivers of conditional expected return from stocks and also investors are of the view that even observable factors influencing stock returns forecasts do not sufficiently predict changes in conditional expected return. ... The study adopted vector autoregression (VAR) model with assumptions that predictors are imperfect, which is a different approach as compared to previous studies by Stambaugh (1999), Barberis (2000), Hoevenaars et al. (2007). The study reflects that on the basis of imperfect predictors there are significant direct and indirect values in the long run. The study considered five components of variances observed in the long run including the uncertainty pertaining to independent and identical distribution of returns over the term of analysis i.e. true variance, mean reversion, uncertainty of future and current expected stock return, and estimation risk. The study reveals that there is a positive relationship between long term variances and these components of variances except mean reversion. This implies that higher values of these components result in higher volatility of stock returns Mean reversion, which is an assumption that current negative shocks in the stock return are offset by positive return shocks in the future, has a negative impact on variances. This does apply in the long run but its relevance is offset by other four components of long term variance. It is suggested in the research article that investors are not able to observe the variances and instead they rely on historical data of returns to predict future returns. Therefore, in the presence of imperfect predictors of returns there is a high degree of predictability which leads to greater volatility in the long term stock returns. The analysis of data in the report is divided into nine sections. Expressions for five components of long term variations are developed using VAR and then using a predictive system conditional expected returns

Philosophy Questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Philosophy Questions - Essay Example In giving a â€Å"religious† response to this argument, Kant would state that it is God’s intention to preserve life, and as our lives are the property of God, it is a rebellion against our duty towards Him to take our own life. When we alter the course of a river we are not going against the intention of God, however, when we take our own life, it is, in essence, rebellion as we throw away our life. In my opinion this response is quite good as if my life the property of God, it goes to show that God has given it to me as a â€Å"trust† and I am to take care of it until the Owner deems fit. It would not be fitting for a trustee to take over the trust that has been handed over to him, as in essence it does not belong to him, but he is merely a caretaker of the property so given in trust. When a person thinks of his own life as not belonging to him, and realizes that his position is that of a caretaker, it follows that he will take care not to damage it in anyway or destroy it altogether. I am not in the position to destroy my life because it belongs to God and my duty towards Him is to take care of his property in the best possible way. (2) On p. 311, Brandt asks, "Is there any sound argument†¦ to establish that there is (or is not) some moral obligation to avoid suicide as such...?" What is the argument that he considers? What other argument, not considered by Brandt, might one give to support the claim that there is? Brandt states that normally suicide is committed under a fit of depression or anger, and for it to have a negative moral implication results in such people thinking long and hard about taking their own life. He states that normally a person who commits suicide does not serve anyone’s welfare by doing so; however, sometimes it is in the best interest of everybody concerned for the person to take his own life. Therefore, there is a moral obligation to instill the immorality of suicide into the minds of people, as mostly people who are

Solomon's book presents different proofs for the existence of God Term Paper

Solomon's book presents different proofs for the existence of God. Discuss the one that you think is most persuasive, and comp - Term Paper Example All three major religions Judaism, Christianity, and Islam share a similar view about God’s existence which is that there is only one God or supreme force in the world. The Greek and Roman gods and goddesses, on the other hand, had some great supernatural powers but they also often behaved like average humans in reference to how they got vengeful when denied something or acted unimpressively at times. In this paper, I will focus on one proof for the existence of God in particular that I consider most persuasive and then compare it to others which do not seem as powerful and appealing as the one discussed at length. There is no scientific evidence supporting the existence of God, so the only notions supporting this idea are related to manmade explanations like there has to some force starting the universe which is so perfect that no human can be held responsible for it. Also, we have to believe in God as suggested by the biblical teachings because of this faith that there is a supernatural power which is omnipotent. There is no concrete evidence really which could either prove or disprove the existence of God, but it is still healthy to accept by faith this existence as without it people would consider themselves free to act in whichever way they like without the fear of facing results at the end like in the form of Day of Judgment of afterlife. According to the Bible, people have to judge from things around them if God exists or not and there is plenty of evidence, not concrete but symbolic, which speaks of God’s presence like the skies and the sun which are so perfect and identify the g lory of God. All the mystic and enthralling wonders of nature point to God’s presence denying which is plain adamancy. Pascal’s proof for God’s existence is a different kind of argument in itself and differs from the explanation provided by Christianity and Islam on multiple levels. While the Bible and Qur’an stress that there is no option but to believe that God exists because of many stupendous works of nature, Pascal argues that believing in God irrespective of whether he exists or not exists is a win-win situation. The tendency of not agreeing to God’s existence, in contrast, is prone to many losses. This is because if we believe in God and he actually does exist, then there is no doubt that we will be rewarded and if we believe so and he does not exist actually, even then it is beneficial because people tend to give up many sinful pleasures in respect of this belief that God exists. Many great scientists like Freud plainly refuse the idea of G od’s existence characterizing it as very irrational. Freud does not believe thinking irrationally in terms of God is actually a bad thing and if not believing in God is irrational, then believing in God is also irrational. This is because irrationality is only defying what cannot be considered rational and second, it is also about believing in what cannot be proved. Freud characterized the existence of God to be harmful in certain instances especially when people tend to rationalize their evil actions by believing they were intended by God to happen or he would have stopped them. So, the proof for the existence of God really comes down to the marvels of nature and a person’s innate disposition to believe in God. In conclusion, not every proof for believing in God identified by Islam, Judaism, and Christianity is rational because

Influence of Employee Voice on Pay Determination Coursework - 1

Influence of Employee Voice on Pay Determination - Coursework Example Marsden(2007,p1) makes use of the concept of a ‘zone of acceptance’ as the core of his article ,in which, to put it in a nutshell, he suggests that employers need to periodically revise the roles and preferences of themselves and of employees as a necessary prerequisite for the process of adaptation through integrative bargaining, which deals with reaching in agreements to increase the size of the pie. The article discusses the ways in which collective employee voice can enable individual level integrative negotiations in the jurisdiction of non-codified elements of employment conditions that he calls ‘psychological contracts’, quoting Denise Rousseau(1995). The ‘zone of acceptance’ decides the range of tasks that employees are prepared to perform and their time periods. However, to keep up with changing production and market requirements, organizations need to revise the boundaries of this zone periodically, with employee consent, if the organi zation has to survive. This is accomplished by communication with the employees and revising their beliefs and expectations contained in the ‘psychological contract’. The relationship of employment contains both psychological and economic constituents. According to the mutual interests of the parties involved, its contractual form is chosen from among a range of alternative ways of organizing transactions. Its economic basis defines the individual voice as well as collective employee voice which form the basis for renegotiating and inducing changes in the boundaries of the ‘zone of acceptance’. Marsden(2007,p1) cites Ram et al(2001) to suggest that a negotiated order of varying degrees governs the workplace. Performance management in the British public sector and private sector organisations combines employee goal-setting and appraisal to performance related determination of pay. Marsden (2007) seeks to extend the range of voice mechanisms employers choose and tries to find out the reasons as to why employers choose a particular voice mechanism over others by  analyzing the individual-level renegotiation of the zone of acceptance as a form of integrative bargaining, whose quality decides its outcome.  Ã‚  

Relevance of Clinical Care in Nursing Research Paper

Relevance of Clinical Care in Nursing - Research Paper Example The basic idea is to get involved in community services without expecting any reward. The idea is to serve the community and people by taking care of their needs. Extracurricular activities include taking time out of the normal routine and devoting much of time in community services to learn ways of serving others in a compassionate manner. This also requires leadership attributes as dealing with people and serving them comes under little guidance and individuals needs to decide the mode of interaction, behaviour and mannerism often requiring a participating and compassionate approach. Moreover, students are guided by people having prior experience in serving the community and thus there is ample scope to learn from the leaders to become leaders. The most significant experience can be of realising the fact that serving others offers great happiness that is unmatchable. The very idea of bringing smiles over the faces of others can be considered as the most significant experience and a chievement. Achievements show dedication and reward but in my case; being compassionate and dedicated reaped all achievements along with offering rewards in the form of priceless smiles and gratitude. I personally believe that nothing can beat this particular experience in terms of contentment. At times, serving the community exposes oneself to learn and the elements of risk are quite negligible. From an early age, I was fascinated to see doctors and their approach while serving others by curing them and bringing smiles on their faces. This created a profound impression over my mind along with making me think that serving the community and people is the real bliss. As a community care extender, my role will be to act as a volunteer in any hospital. This will help me in learning the intricacies of people and service management. With the primary goal of becoming a nurse, the role of community care extender will help in having a profound idea over how things are managed in hospital and how patients are managed and cared. As an intern, I will be receiving training in patient care that will be further utilised in my professional career. Overall, it can be said that the role of clinical care extender will assist me in meeting my career goals along with offering me a chance to evaluate my skills and attributes in a clear and precise manner. The core value of an internship is to follow the goals and objectives of the organisation along with devoting oneself in a selfless manner. The prime objective is to take care of patients along with learning new things by being active and zealous. At the same time, it is important to be honest, transparent and ethical in approach while initiating and completing tasks and responsibilities. Being an intern, it is very much evident that one has to assist the organisation in accomplishing its goals and objectives. In hospitals, it is important to have a compassionate and ethical approach in order to serve people and their needs. If I get selected as an intern, I will be ethical and honest in my approach. In last few years, I have learnt that ethics, honesty and transparency show the character of an individual and speak on his behalf. I will carry forward with this mindset along with embracing the legacy and objectives of the organisation to empower myself as a human being.

Case study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 8

Case study - Essay Example Josephine and Connor are the parents of 18 month old boy named Taj. They were planning day care centre assistance for his development. They were concerned about his speech as he is not perfect in delivering up proper sentences. They are curious to know is this normal in all kids of this age or do their child having a problem. Sometime, it happens that parent’s don’t understand what their child exactly wants and they fail in understating his requirements/actions and sentences then it frustrates their child and he becomes stubborn. They are worried that if they use day care service then people will consider them bad parents who couldn’t control their child. Both were depressed due to their child behavior and are scared to have a day care service for their child. They are assuming that when their baby having issues at home then he will face issues at day care center as well. Sometimes, it happen that parent gets fail to understand a child’s actions/ sentences and this makes a child stubborn and frustrated. It’s a common issue with almost all kids that in early stages, they can’t deliver proper sentences and can’t elaborate their feelings. A child needs special care and attention in his childhood; parents need patience and love to understand his feelings in his childhood. In the above case, there are two issues related to child’s development. According to Jean Piaget, such issues can get solved by understanding child’s mental status and nature. As in childhood, children are neutral and they just do what they see. Such issues can be handled easily if parents deal them with patience and care. Understanding child’s mental approach helps a lot in understanding his actions. His insight plays a role of maturation (growing up gradually) in childrens rising capacity to explore their world: they cannot perform certain tasks until they become psychologically strong enough to do so. His work has spawned a big deal more, a great extent